"""Create reasoning_engine
Generated by Phi-Octopus Eden
2025-11-06 13:25:32.222219
"""

```python
from typing import Dict, Any

class KnowledgeBase:
    def __init__(self):
        self.knowledge = {}

    def add_fact(self, fact: str) -> None:
        """Add a new fact to the knowledge base."""
        if isinstance(fact, str):
            self.knowledge[fact] = False
        else:
            raise ValueError("Fact must be a string")

    def update_fact(self, fact: str, value: bool) -> None:
        """Update the truth value of an existing fact."""
        if fact in self.knowledge:
            self.knowledge[fact] = value
        else:
            raise KeyError(f"Fact {fact} does not exist in knowledge base")

    def query_fact(self, fact: str) -> bool:
        """Query the truth value of a fact."""
        return self.knowledge.get(fact, False)


class ReasoningEngine:
    def __init__(self):
        self.kb = KnowledgeBase()
        self.rules = {}

    def add_rule(self, rule_name: str, conditions: Dict[str, bool], conclusion: str) -> None:
        """Add a new reasoning rule."""
        if not isinstance(rule_name, str) or not isinstance(conditions, dict) or not isinstance(conclusion, str):
            raise ValueError("Invalid input types for rule definition")
        
        self.rules[rule_name] = {
            'conditions': conditions,
            'conclusion': conclusion
        }

    def infer(self, fact: str) -> bool:
        """Perform a basic inference to determine the truth value of a new fact."""
        if not isinstance(fact, str):
            raise ValueError("Fact must be a string")

        # Simple and rule-based reasoning
        for rule_name, rule in self.rules.items():
            all_conditions_met = True
            for condition_fact, condition_value in rule['conditions'].items():
                if self.kb.query_fact(condition_fact) != condition_value:
                    all_conditions_met = False
                    break

            if all_conditions_met:
                self.kb.update_fact(rule['conclusion'], True)
                return True
        
        # If no rules lead to the conclusion, default to unknown (False)
        return False


# Example usage:

def main():
    reasoning_engine = ReasoningEngine()

    # Adding facts
    reasoning_engine.kb.add_fact('fact1')
    reasoning_engine.kb.update_fact('fact2', True)

    # Defining simple rules
    reasoning_engine.add_rule('rule1', {'fact1': False}, 'new_fact1')

    # Performing inference
    result = reasoning_engine.infer('new_fact1')
    print(f"Is new_fact1 true? {result}")  # Should print: Is new_fact1 true? True


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
```

This code defines a simple `ReasoningEngine` that can add facts, rules based on those facts, and perform basic inference to determine the truth of additional facts. It includes type hints, docstrings, and an example usage scenario.