# This code is part of Qiskit. # # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2024. # # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. # # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating # that they have been altered from the originals. """A module for visualizing device coupling maps""" import math from typing import List import numpy as np import rustworkx as rx from rustworkx.visualization import graphviz_draw from qiskit.exceptions import QiskitError from qiskit.utils import optionals as _optionals from qiskit.transpiler.coupling import CouplingMap from .exceptions import VisualizationError @_optionals.HAS_MATPLOTLIB.require_in_call def plot_gate_map( backend, figsize=None, plot_directed=False, label_qubits=True, qubit_size=None, line_width=4, font_size=None, qubit_color=None, qubit_labels=None, line_color=None, font_color="white", ax=None, filename=None, qubit_coordinates=None, ): """Plots the gate map of a device. Args: backend (Backend): The backend instance that will be used to plot the device gate map. figsize (tuple): Output figure size (wxh) in inches. plot_directed (bool): Plot directed coupling map. label_qubits (bool): Label the qubits. qubit_size (float): Size of qubit marker. line_width (float): Width of lines. font_size (int): Font size of qubit labels. qubit_color (list): A list of colors for the qubits qubit_labels (list): A list of qubit labels line_color (list): A list of colors for each line from coupling_map. font_color (str): The font color for the qubit labels. ax (Axes): A Matplotlib axes instance. filename (str): file path to save image to. qubit_coordinates (Sequence): An optional sequence input (list or array being the most common) of 2d coordinates for each qubit. The length of the sequence much match the number of qubits on the backend. The sequence should be the planar coordinates in a 0-based square grid where each qubit is located. Returns: Figure: A Matplotlib figure instance. Raises: QiskitError: If you tried to pass a simulator or the backend is None, but one of num_qubits, mpl_data, or cmap is None. MissingOptionalLibraryError: If matplotlib not installed. Example: .. plot:: :alt: Output from the previous code. :include-source: from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import GenericBackendV2 from qiskit.visualization import plot_gate_map backend = GenericBackendV2(num_qubits=5) plot_gate_map(backend) """ qubit_coordinates_map = {} qubit_coordinates_map[5] = [[1, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 2], [2, 1]] qubit_coordinates_map[7] = [[0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [1, 1], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2]] qubit_coordinates_map[20] = [ [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [1, 0], [1, 1], [1, 2], [1, 3], [1, 4], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 0], [3, 1], [3, 2], [3, 3], [3, 4], ] qubit_coordinates_map[15] = [ [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5], [0, 6], [1, 7], [1, 6], [1, 5], [1, 4], [1, 3], [1, 2], [1, 1], [1, 0], ] qubit_coordinates_map[16] = [ [1, 0], [1, 1], [2, 1], [3, 1], [1, 2], [3, 2], [0, 3], [1, 3], [3, 3], [4, 3], [1, 4], [3, 4], [1, 5], [2, 5], [3, 5], [1, 6], ] qubit_coordinates_map[27] = [ [1, 0], [1, 1], [2, 1], [3, 1], [1, 2], [3, 2], [0, 3], [1, 3], [3, 3], [4, 3], [1, 4], [3, 4], [1, 5], [2, 5], [3, 5], [1, 6], [3, 6], [0, 7], [1, 7], [3, 7], [4, 7], [1, 8], [3, 8], [1, 9], [2, 9], [3, 9], [3, 10], ] qubit_coordinates_map[28] = [ [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5], [0, 6], [1, 2], [1, 6], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5], [2, 6], [2, 7], [2, 8], [3, 0], [3, 4], [3, 8], [4, 0], [4, 1], [4, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [4, 5], [4, 6], [4, 7], [4, 8], ] qubit_coordinates_map[53] = [ [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5], [0, 6], [1, 2], [1, 6], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5], [2, 6], [2, 7], [2, 8], [3, 0], [3, 4], [3, 8], [4, 0], [4, 1], [4, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [4, 5], [4, 6], [4, 7], [4, 8], [5, 2], [5, 6], [6, 0], [6, 1], [6, 2], [6, 3], [6, 4], [6, 5], [6, 6], [6, 7], [6, 8], [7, 0], [7, 4], [7, 8], [8, 0], [8, 1], [8, 2], [8, 3], [8, 4], [8, 5], [8, 6], [8, 7], [8, 8], [9, 2], [9, 6], ] qubit_coordinates_map[65] = [ [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5], [0, 6], [0, 7], [0, 8], [0, 9], [1, 0], [1, 4], [1, 8], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5], [2, 6], [2, 7], [2, 8], [2, 9], [2, 10], [3, 2], [3, 6], [3, 10], [4, 0], [4, 1], [4, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [4, 5], [4, 6], [4, 7], [4, 8], [4, 9], [4, 10], [5, 0], [5, 4], [5, 8], [6, 0], [6, 1], [6, 2], [6, 3], [6, 4], [6, 5], [6, 6], [6, 7], [6, 8], [6, 9], [6, 10], [7, 2], [7, 6], [7, 10], [8, 1], [8, 2], [8, 3], [8, 4], [8, 5], [8, 6], [8, 7], [8, 8], [8, 9], [8, 10], ] qubit_coordinates_map[127] = [ [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5], [0, 6], [0, 7], [0, 8], [0, 9], [0, 10], [0, 11], [0, 12], [0, 13], [1, 0], [1, 4], [1, 8], [1, 12], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5], [2, 6], [2, 7], [2, 8], [2, 9], [2, 10], [2, 11], [2, 12], [2, 13], [2, 14], [3, 2], [3, 6], [3, 10], [3, 14], [4, 0], [4, 1], [4, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [4, 5], [4, 6], [4, 7], [4, 8], [4, 9], [4, 10], [4, 11], [4, 12], [4, 13], [4, 14], [5, 0], [5, 4], [5, 8], [5, 12], [6, 0], [6, 1], [6, 2], [6, 3], [6, 4], [6, 5], [6, 6], [6, 7], [6, 8], [6, 9], [6, 10], [6, 11], [6, 12], [6, 13], [6, 14], [7, 2], [7, 6], [7, 10], [7, 14], [8, 0], [8, 1], [8, 2], [8, 3], [8, 4], [8, 5], [8, 6], [8, 7], [8, 8], [8, 9], [8, 10], [8, 11], [8, 12], [8, 13], [8, 14], [9, 0], [9, 4], [9, 8], [9, 12], [10, 0], [10, 1], [10, 2], [10, 3], [10, 4], [10, 5], [10, 6], [10, 7], [10, 8], [10, 9], [10, 10], [10, 11], [10, 12], [10, 13], [10, 14], [11, 2], [11, 6], [11, 10], [11, 14], [12, 1], [12, 2], [12, 3], [12, 4], [12, 5], [12, 6], [12, 7], [12, 8], [12, 9], [12, 10], [12, 11], [12, 12], [12, 13], [12, 14], ] qubit_coordinates_map[433] = [ [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [0, 4], [0, 5], [0, 6], [0, 7], [0, 8], [0, 9], [0, 10], [0, 11], [0, 12], [0, 13], [0, 14], [0, 15], [0, 16], [0, 17], [0, 18], [0, 19], [0, 20], [0, 21], [0, 22], [0, 23], [0, 24], [0, 25], [1, 0], [1, 4], [1, 8], [1, 12], [1, 16], [1, 20], [1, 24], [2, 0], [2, 1], [2, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5], [2, 6], [2, 7], [2, 8], [2, 9], [2, 10], [2, 11], [2, 12], [2, 13], [2, 14], [2, 15], [2, 16], [2, 17], [2, 18], [2, 19], [2, 20], [2, 21], [2, 22], [2, 23], [2, 24], [2, 25], [2, 26], [3, 2], [3, 6], [3, 10], [3, 14], [3, 18], [3, 22], [3, 26], [4, 0], [4, 1], [4, 2], [4, 3], [4, 4], [4, 5], [4, 6], [4, 7], [4, 8], [4, 9], [4, 10], [4, 11], [4, 12], [4, 13], [4, 14], [4, 15], [4, 16], [4, 17], [4, 18], [4, 19], [4, 20], [4, 21], [4, 22], [4, 23], [4, 24], [4, 25], [4, 26], [5, 0], [5, 4], [5, 8], [5, 12], [5, 16], [5, 20], [5, 24], [6, 0], [6, 1], [6, 2], [6, 3], [6, 4], [6, 5], [6, 6], [6, 7], [6, 8], [6, 9], [6, 10], [6, 11], [6, 12], [6, 13], [6, 14], [6, 15], [6, 16], [6, 17], [6, 18], [6, 19], [6, 20], [6, 21], [6, 22], [6, 23], [6, 24], [6, 25], [6, 26], [7, 2], [7, 6], [7, 10], [7, 14], [7, 18], [7, 22], [7, 26], [8, 0], [8, 1], [8, 2], [8, 3], [8, 4], [8, 5], [8, 6], [8, 7], [8, 8], [8, 9], [8, 10], [8, 11], [8, 12], [8, 13], [8, 14], [8, 15], [8, 16], [8, 17], [8, 18], [8, 19], [8, 20], [8, 21], [8, 22], [8, 23], [8, 24], [8, 25], [8, 26], [9, 0], [9, 4], [9, 8], [9, 12], [9, 16], [9, 20], [9, 24], [10, 0], [10, 1], [10, 2], [10, 3], [10, 4], [10, 5], [10, 6], [10, 7], [10, 8], [10, 9], [10, 10], [10, 11], [10, 12], [10, 13], [10, 14], [10, 15], [10, 16], [10, 17], [10, 18], [10, 19], [10, 20], [10, 21], [10, 22], [10, 23], [10, 24], [10, 25], [10, 26], [11, 2], [11, 6], [11, 10], [11, 14], [11, 18], [11, 22], [11, 26], [12, 0], [12, 1], [12, 2], [12, 3], [12, 4], [12, 5], [12, 6], [12, 7], [12, 8], [12, 9], [12, 10], [12, 11], [12, 12], [12, 13], [12, 14], [12, 15], [12, 16], [12, 17], [12, 18], [12, 19], [12, 20], [12, 21], [12, 22], [12, 23], [12, 24], [12, 25], [12, 26], [13, 0], [13, 4], [13, 8], [13, 12], [13, 16], [13, 20], [13, 24], [14, 0], [14, 1], [14, 2], [14, 3], [14, 4], [14, 5], [14, 6], [14, 7], [14, 8], [14, 9], [14, 10], [14, 11], [14, 12], [14, 13], [14, 14], [14, 15], [14, 16], [14, 17], [14, 18], [14, 19], [14, 20], [14, 21], [14, 22], [14, 23], [14, 24], [14, 25], [14, 26], [15, 2], [15, 6], [15, 10], [15, 14], [15, 18], [15, 22], [15, 26], [16, 0], [16, 1], [16, 2], [16, 3], [16, 4], [16, 5], [16, 6], [16, 7], [16, 8], [16, 9], [16, 10], [16, 11], [16, 12], [16, 13], [16, 14], [16, 15], [16, 16], [16, 17], [16, 18], [16, 19], [16, 20], [16, 21], [16, 22], [16, 23], [16, 24], [16, 25], [16, 26], [17, 0], [17, 4], [17, 8], [17, 12], [17, 16], [17, 20], [17, 24], [18, 0], [18, 1], [18, 2], [18, 3], [18, 4], [18, 5], [18, 6], [18, 7], [18, 8], [18, 9], [18, 10], [18, 11], [18, 12], [18, 13], [18, 14], [18, 15], [18, 16], [18, 17], [18, 18], [18, 19], [18, 20], [18, 21], [18, 22], [18, 23], [18, 24], [18, 25], [18, 26], [19, 2], [19, 6], [19, 10], [19, 14], [19, 18], [19, 22], [19, 26], [20, 0], [20, 1], [20, 2], [20, 3], [20, 4], [20, 5], [20, 6], [20, 7], [20, 8], [20, 9], [20, 10], [20, 11], [20, 12], [20, 13], [20, 14], [20, 15], [20, 16], [20, 17], [20, 18], [20, 19], [20, 20], [20, 21], [20, 22], [20, 23], [20, 24], [20, 25], [20, 26], [21, 0], [21, 4], [21, 8], [21, 12], [21, 16], [21, 20], [21, 24], [22, 0], [22, 1], [22, 2], [22, 3], [22, 4], [22, 5], [22, 6], [22, 7], [22, 8], [22, 9], [22, 10], [22, 11], [22, 12], [22, 13], [22, 14], [22, 15], [22, 16], [22, 17], [22, 18], [22, 19], [22, 20], [22, 21], [22, 22], [22, 23], [22, 24], [22, 25], [22, 26], [23, 2], [23, 6], [23, 10], [23, 14], [23, 18], [23, 22], [23, 26], [24, 1], [24, 2], [24, 3], [24, 4], [24, 5], [24, 6], [24, 7], [24, 8], [24, 9], [24, 10], [24, 11], [24, 12], [24, 13], [24, 14], [24, 15], [24, 16], [24, 17], [24, 18], [24, 19], [24, 20], [24, 21], [24, 22], [24, 23], [24, 24], [24, 25], [24, 26], ] num_qubits = backend.num_qubits coupling_map = backend.coupling_map name = backend.name if qubit_coordinates is None and ("ibm" in name or "fake" in name): qubit_coordinates = qubit_coordinates_map.get(num_qubits, None) if qubit_coordinates: if len(qubit_coordinates) != num_qubits: raise QiskitError( f"The number of specified qubit coordinates {len(qubit_coordinates)} " f"does not match the device number of qubits: {num_qubits}" ) return plot_coupling_map( num_qubits, qubit_coordinates, coupling_map.get_edges(), figsize, plot_directed, label_qubits, qubit_size, line_width, font_size, qubit_color, qubit_labels, line_color, font_color, ax, filename, planar=rx.is_planar(coupling_map.graph.to_undirected(multigraph=False)), ) @_optionals.HAS_MATPLOTLIB.require_in_call @_optionals.HAS_GRAPHVIZ.require_in_call def plot_coupling_map( num_qubits: int, qubit_coordinates: List[List[int]], coupling_map: List[List[int]], figsize=None, plot_directed=False, label_qubits=True, qubit_size=None, line_width=4, font_size=None, qubit_color=None, qubit_labels=None, line_color=None, font_color="white", ax=None, filename=None, *, planar=True, ): """Plots an arbitrary coupling map of qubits (embedded in a plane). Args: num_qubits (int): The number of qubits defined and plotted. qubit_coordinates (List[List[int]]): A list of two-element lists, with entries of each nested list being the planar coordinates in a 0-based square grid where each qubit is located. coupling_map (List[List[int]]): A list of two-element lists, with entries of each nested list being the qubit numbers of the bonds to be plotted. figsize (tuple): Output figure size (wxh) in inches. plot_directed (bool): Plot directed coupling map. label_qubits (bool): Label the qubits. qubit_size (float): Size of qubit marker. line_width (float): Width of lines. font_size (int): Font size of qubit labels. qubit_color (list): A list of colors for the qubits qubit_labels (list): A list of qubit labels line_color (list): A list of colors for each line from coupling_map. font_color (str): The font color for the qubit labels. ax (Axes): A Matplotlib axes instance. filename (str): file path to save image to. planar (bool): If the coupling map is planar or not. Default: ``True`` (i.e. it is planar) Returns: Figure: A Matplotlib figure instance. Raises: MissingOptionalLibraryError: If matplotlib or graphviz is not installed. QiskitError: If the length of qubit labels does not match the number of qubits. Example: .. plot:: :alt: Output from the previous code. :include-source: from qiskit.visualization import plot_coupling_map num_qubits = 8 qubit_coordinates = [[0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0], [1, 2], [2, 0], [2, 2], [2, 1], [3, 1]] coupling_map = [[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3], [3, 5], [4, 5], [5, 6], [2, 4], [6, 7]] plot_coupling_map(num_qubits, qubit_coordinates, coupling_map) """ import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from .utils import matplotlib_close_if_inline input_axes = False if ax: input_axes = True if qubit_size is None: qubit_size = 30 if qubit_labels is None: qubit_labels = list(range(num_qubits)) else: if len(qubit_labels) != num_qubits: raise QiskitError("Length of qubit labels does not equal number of qubits.") if not label_qubits: qubit_labels = [""] * num_qubits # set coloring if qubit_color is None: qubit_color = ["#648fff"] * num_qubits if line_color is None: line_color = ["#648fff"] * len(coupling_map) if num_qubits == 1: graph = rx.PyDiGraph() graph.add_node(0) else: graph = CouplingMap(coupling_map).graph if not plot_directed: line_color_map = dict(zip(graph.edge_list(), line_color)) graph = graph.to_undirected(multigraph=False) line_color = [line_color_map[edge] for edge in graph.edge_list()] for node in graph.node_indices(): graph[node] = node for edge_index in graph.edge_indices(): graph.update_edge_by_index(edge_index, edge_index) # pixel-to-inch conversion px = 1.15 / plt.rcParams["figure.dpi"] if qubit_coordinates: qubit_coordinates = [coordinates[::-1] for coordinates in qubit_coordinates] if font_size is None: max_characters = max(1, max(len(str(x)) for x in qubit_labels)) if max_characters == 1: font_size = 20 elif max_characters == 2: font_size = 14 elif max_characters == 3: font_size = 12 else: font_size = 1 def color_node(node): if qubit_coordinates: out_dict = { "label": str(qubit_labels[node]), "color": f'"{qubit_color[node]}"', "fillcolor": f'"{qubit_color[node]}"', "pos": f'"{qubit_coordinates[node][0]},{qubit_coordinates[node][1]}"', "pin": "True", } else: out_dict = { "label": str(qubit_labels[node]), "color": f'"{qubit_color[node]}"', "fillcolor": f'"{qubit_color[node]}"', } out_dict["style"] = "filled" out_dict["shape"] = "circle" out_dict["fontcolor"] = f'"{font_color}"' out_dict["fontsize"] = f'"{str(font_size)}!"' out_dict["height"] = str(qubit_size * px) out_dict["fixedsize"] = "True" out_dict["fontname"] = '"DejaVu Sans"' return out_dict def color_edge(edge): out_dict = { "color": f'"{line_color[edge]}"', "fillcolor": f'"{line_color[edge]}"', "penwidth": str(line_width), } return out_dict graph_attributes = None if not qubit_coordinates: if planar: graph_attributes = { "overlap_scaling": "-7", "overlap": "prism", "model": "subset", } else: graph_attributes = { "overlap": "true", } plot = graphviz_draw( graph, method="neato", graph_attr=graph_attributes, node_attr_fn=color_node, edge_attr_fn=color_edge, filename=filename, ) if filename: return None if not input_axes: if figsize is None: width, height = plot.size figsize = (width * px, height * px) fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=figsize) ax.axis("off") ax.imshow(plot) if not input_axes: matplotlib_close_if_inline(fig) return fig def plot_circuit_layout(circuit, backend, view="virtual", qubit_coordinates=None): """Plot the layout of a circuit transpiled for a given target backend. Args: circuit (QuantumCircuit): Input quantum circuit. backend (Backend): Target backend. view (str): How to label qubits in the layout. Options: - ``"virtual"``: Label each qubit with the index of the virtual qubit that mapped to it. - ``"physical"``: Label each qubit with the index of the physical qubit that it corresponds to on the device. qubit_coordinates (Sequence): An optional sequence input (list or array being the most common) of 2d coordinates for each qubit. The length of the sequence must match the number of qubits on the backend. The sequence should be the planar coordinates in a 0-based square grid where each qubit is located. Returns: Figure: A matplotlib figure showing layout. Raises: QiskitError: Invalid view type given. VisualizationError: Circuit has no layout attribute. Example: .. plot:: :alt: Output from the previous code. :include-source: from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, transpile from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import GenericBackendV2 from qiskit.visualization import plot_circuit_layout ghz = QuantumCircuit(3, 3) ghz.h(0) for idx in range(1,3): ghz.cx(0,idx) ghz.measure(range(3), range(3)) backend = GenericBackendV2(num_qubits=5) new_circ_lv3 = transpile(ghz, backend=backend, optimization_level=3) plot_circuit_layout(new_circ_lv3, backend) """ if circuit._layout is None: raise QiskitError("Circuit has no layout. Perhaps it has not been transpiled.") num_qubits = backend.num_qubits cmap = backend.coupling_map cmap_len = cmap.graph.num_edges() qubits = [] qubit_labels = [""] * num_qubits bit_locations = { bit: {"register": register, "index": index} for register in circuit._layout.initial_layout.get_registers() for index, bit in enumerate(register) } for index, qubit in enumerate(circuit._layout.initial_layout.get_virtual_bits()): if qubit not in bit_locations: bit_locations[qubit] = {"register": None, "index": index} if view == "virtual": for key, val in circuit._layout.initial_layout.get_virtual_bits().items(): bit_register = bit_locations[key]["register"] if bit_register is None or bit_register.name != "ancilla": qubits.append(val) qubit_labels[val] = str(bit_locations[key]["index"]) elif view == "physical": for key, val in circuit._layout.initial_layout.get_physical_bits().items(): bit_register = bit_locations[val]["register"] if bit_register is None or bit_register.name != "ancilla": qubits.append(key) qubit_labels[key] = str(key) else: raise VisualizationError("Layout view must be 'virtual' or 'physical'.") qcolors = ["#648fff"] * num_qubits for k in qubits: qcolors[k] = "black" lcolors = ["#648fff"] * cmap_len for idx, edge in enumerate(cmap): if edge[0] in qubits and edge[1] in qubits: lcolors[idx] = "black" fig = plot_gate_map( backend, qubit_color=qcolors, qubit_labels=qubit_labels, line_color=lcolors, qubit_coordinates=qubit_coordinates, ) return fig @_optionals.HAS_MATPLOTLIB.require_in_call @_optionals.HAS_SEABORN.require_in_call def plot_error_map(backend, figsize=(15, 12), show_title=True, qubit_coordinates=None): """Plots the error map of a given backend. Args: backend (Backend): Given backend. figsize (tuple): Figure size in inches. show_title (bool): Show the title or not. qubit_coordinates (Sequence): An optional sequence input (list or array being the most common) of 2d coordinates for each qubit. The length of the sequence much mast the number of qubits on the backend. The sequence should be the planar coordinates in a 0-based square grid where each qubit is located. Returns: Figure: A matplotlib figure showing error map. Raises: VisualizationError: The backend does not provide gate errors for the 'sx' gate. MissingOptionalLibraryError: If matplotlib or seaborn is not installed. Example: .. plot:: :alt: Output from the previous code. :include-source: from qiskit.visualization import plot_error_map from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import GenericBackendV2 backend = GenericBackendV2(num_qubits=5) plot_error_map(backend) """ import matplotlib import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib import gridspec, ticker import seaborn as sns from .utils import matplotlib_close_if_inline color_map = sns.cubehelix_palette(reverse=True, as_cmap=True) backend_name = backend.name num_qubits = backend.num_qubits cmap = backend.coupling_map two_q_error_map = {} single_gate_errors = [0] * num_qubits read_err = [0] * num_qubits cx_errors = [] for gate, prop_dict in backend.target.items(): if prop_dict is None or None in prop_dict: continue for qargs, inst_props in prop_dict.items(): if inst_props is None: continue if gate == "measure": if inst_props.error is not None: read_err[qargs[0]] = inst_props.error elif len(qargs) == 1: if inst_props.error is not None: single_gate_errors[qargs[0]] = max( single_gate_errors[qargs[0]], inst_props.error ) elif len(qargs) == 2: if inst_props.error is not None: two_q_error_map[qargs] = max(two_q_error_map.get(qargs, 0), inst_props.error) if cmap: directed = False if num_qubits < 20: for edge in cmap: if not [edge[1], edge[0]] in cmap: directed = True break for line in cmap.get_edges(): err = two_q_error_map.get(tuple(line), 0) cx_errors.append(err) # Convert to percent single_gate_errors = 100 * np.asarray(single_gate_errors) avg_1q_err = np.mean(single_gate_errors) single_norm = matplotlib.colors.Normalize( vmin=min(single_gate_errors), vmax=max(single_gate_errors) ) q_colors = [matplotlib.colors.to_hex(color_map(single_norm(err))) for err in single_gate_errors] directed = False line_colors = [] if cmap: # Convert to percent cx_errors = 100 * np.asarray(cx_errors) avg_cx_err = np.mean(cx_errors) cx_norm = matplotlib.colors.Normalize(vmin=min(cx_errors), vmax=max(cx_errors)) line_colors = [matplotlib.colors.to_hex(color_map(cx_norm(err))) for err in cx_errors] read_err = 100 * np.asarray(read_err) avg_read_err = np.mean(read_err) max_read_err = np.max(read_err) fig = plt.figure(figsize=figsize) gridspec.GridSpec(nrows=2, ncols=3) grid_spec = gridspec.GridSpec( 12, 12, height_ratios=[1] * 11 + [0.5], width_ratios=[2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2] ) left_ax = plt.subplot(grid_spec[2:10, :1]) main_ax = plt.subplot(grid_spec[:11, 1:11]) right_ax = plt.subplot(grid_spec[2:10, 11:]) bleft_ax = plt.subplot(grid_spec[-1, :5]) if cmap: bright_ax = plt.subplot(grid_spec[-1, 7:]) qubit_size = 28 if num_qubits <= 5: qubit_size = 20 plot_gate_map( backend, qubit_color=q_colors, line_color=line_colors, qubit_size=qubit_size, line_width=5, plot_directed=directed, ax=main_ax, qubit_coordinates=qubit_coordinates, ) main_ax.axis("off") main_ax.set_aspect(1) if cmap: single_cb = matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase( bleft_ax, cmap=color_map, norm=single_norm, orientation="horizontal" ) tick_locator = ticker.MaxNLocator(nbins=5) single_cb.locator = tick_locator single_cb.update_ticks() single_cb.update_ticks() bleft_ax.set_title(f"H error rate (%) [Avg. = {round(avg_1q_err, 3)}]") if cmap is None: bleft_ax.axis("off") bleft_ax.set_title(f"H error rate (%) = {round(avg_1q_err, 3)}") if cmap: cx_cb = matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase( bright_ax, cmap=color_map, norm=cx_norm, orientation="horizontal" ) tick_locator = ticker.MaxNLocator(nbins=5) cx_cb.locator = tick_locator cx_cb.update_ticks() bright_ax.set_title(f"CNOT error rate (%) [Avg. = {round(avg_cx_err, 3)}]") if num_qubits < 10: num_left = num_qubits num_right = 0 else: num_left = math.ceil(num_qubits / 2) num_right = num_qubits - num_left left_ax.barh(range(num_left), read_err[:num_left], align="center", color="#DDBBBA") left_ax.axvline(avg_read_err, linestyle="--", color="#212121") left_ax.set_yticks(range(num_left)) left_ax.set_xticks([0, round(avg_read_err, 2), round(max_read_err, 2)]) left_ax.set_yticklabels([str(kk) for kk in range(num_left)], fontsize=12) left_ax.invert_yaxis() left_ax.set_title("Readout Error (%)", fontsize=12) for spine in left_ax.spines.values(): spine.set_visible(False) if num_right: right_ax.barh( range(num_left, num_qubits), read_err[num_left:], align="center", color="#DDBBBA" ) right_ax.axvline(avg_read_err, linestyle="--", color="#212121") right_ax.set_yticks(range(num_left, num_qubits)) right_ax.set_xticks([0, round(avg_read_err, 2), round(max_read_err, 2)]) right_ax.set_yticklabels([str(kk) for kk in range(num_left, num_qubits)], fontsize=12) right_ax.invert_yaxis() right_ax.invert_xaxis() right_ax.yaxis.set_label_position("right") right_ax.yaxis.tick_right() right_ax.set_title("Readout Error (%)", fontsize=12) else: right_ax.axis("off") for spine in right_ax.spines.values(): spine.set_visible(False) if show_title: fig.suptitle(f"{backend_name} Error Map", fontsize=24, y=0.9) matplotlib_close_if_inline(fig) return fig